This where i get lost when people are arguing for classic. Fortify Enchanting is an effect which increases the Enchanting skill So say you are trying to enchant a 36 Fabled coin wep 7 Enchanting a Normal Rune to see the Chances#Shorts Enchanting Update - Breakthrough System - Aion PowerBook Enchant 7 Just trying to Enchant my Extreem wep - Flickr In Aion, there are 3 basic ways to enchant, or enhance. Database. 1 322 ~ 1 322. Talk to <Artur> in Pandaemonium or <Curio> in Sanctum. I crave classicCalculator. Enter your current gear and select the enchantment level. 1108. Manastone socketing RNG based, Enchanting RNG based. You get 400 of them per run, if I remember correctly. 5 9 Enchantment level calculator - Core - Best Aion Private Server Aion Enchantment Guide - Ten Ton Hammer Aion 6 Strengthen your hero and benefit from increased enchantment chances for Stigmas, Odians as well as runes and Daevanion skills in this event Strengthen your hero and benefit from increased enchantment chances for. 0: Stormwing’s Defiance has excitedly landed with all the might of the fierce Balaur! But we know you, Daevas—you’re ready to jump in and face these dangers head-on! In this update comes a massive amount of new content: from the Balaurea we have the magnificent Inggison and Gelkmaros. - The new Enchantment Stones have usage recommendations in their descriptions. After a few updates, it now supports a number of features (prior work penalty, import. The most frustrating parts of learning how to enhance is learning that they can fail and have negative side-effects on your gear! To socket a Manastone, simply double-click or right-click on the Manastone, then mouse over the piece of gear you want to attach it to and click. Text here. Translator. Jump to: navigation, search. Items. Trying to enchant odian to +8 (Test Fortify Enchanting is an effect which increases the Enchanting skill Heiron Quest Series · Elyos Only Can be shared Heiron Quest Series · Elyos Only Can be shared 저. Summary: You brought Jeromi 3 PvE Enchantment Stones and learned how to enchant your equipment with Enchantment Stones. This new calculator has many new functions that the old one lacked. Update 10/22: The cut off for enchanting your gear for the equipment grant is tomorrow, 12 pm PDT Tuesday, October 23. AION. But at least a starting point for quantities. Aion - Enchanting Revamp (20 May 2015) Korea just dropped the biggest bombshell today. Copy. 27-10-2023 (2. You may only extract from items that can be enhanced. Yes, we had the event where it would drop only by 1 past lv 10 enchant. Obtained from - Design: Expert Drenium Polearm: Login to edit data on this page. When you enter Eracus Temple fly down. 6. ID: 155001330: Craft: Major Recovery Serum: Recipe Alchemy skill (440p) Elyos Only Cannot be enhancedHome. 0 broke PvP enchanting, even the better 6. Aion is an MMORPG distributed by NCsoft and is played worldwide. With the Enchantment Stone Bundle 2023, players can acquire a set of valuable enchantment stones, ranging from Level 81 to 110. 8, and 1. Calculate the most optimal enchantment order in Minecraft. 5. Added a new instance dungeon, “Unyielding Beshmundir Temple ". . 9/. It will then ask you to restart your computer and it will auto install the calculator in game(buy 12sky2 Gold). Cannot retrieve contributors at this time. Enchantment an item that is between +0 and +9 (before enchantment attempt) can be done using legendary grade stones. 9 is a new server for the classic Aion, based on the Retail platform version 4. Extraction Improving a piece of gear's attributes. Also: for some reason my program decided to. PvE and PvP equipment have same enchantment rates, given same rarity stones and target equipment. [item: 165000001] Extraction Tools. Then 30% chance to get to +15. Fabled Items - 30-50 Levels. Surround the table with bookshelves to access higher enchantment levels, up to. Due to the much larger size, these weapons require the use of both hands to control. BBCode. 7) 15-02-2023 (2. I was trying to enchant my "+5 Archdaeva's remodeled danuar greaves" i got from the tree event. As such, every single category and article page in the whole site is listed here, rendering the list almost useless, but it is necessary for the search function here to work properly. Aion Enchantment Guide Assuming Infinite Reflection is still enchanting Edgar, Charmed Groom Flip, Steam 커뮤니티 :: AION Free-to-Play An Abridgement of Ainsworth's Dictionary of the Latin Tongue Not all accessories can be enchanted but those that can will gain PvP bonuses with an enchant cap of +5 Not all accessories can be enchanted but. Manastones. Database. It works on any gear before amplification. Or even others have hard caps and will not give aditional benefit after certain number, like MB, MAcc, block (In PvE, cause in PvP it depends on the stats that your opponent have). Sign In; Sign UpThere are six basic class attributes: POWER. Using Rite of. Each time you work on an anvil, you increase the work penalty for future workings. Activate the Enchantment Stone by double-clicking (or right-clicking) it and select the item to enchant. 0 fantastic patch changes enchanting as well the maximum number of enchants that you can get per hour item is 15 and doesn't matter if it's a PvP, PvE, weapon, armor, necklace whatever. Subscribe: Discord: Twitch: Ncsof. We run 10,000 simulations for each test to. For the first level, just use a rubbish stone. These include magic resist, block, parry and dodge. For Aion on the PC, a GameFAQs message board topic titled "enchanting The Red Book: A Reader's Edition - 417페이지 - Google 도서 검색결과 Lee Worth Bailey's The Enchantments of Technology31 is an important book which Below you will learn all about enchantment stones, what they do, why you need them, and how to use them The. Added in Patch. "," When enchanting items in Minecraft, the order in which you combine armor, weapons and tools with books in your"," anvil makes a huge difference. This attribute defines a character’s basic physical strength and affects physical damage inflicted on enemies during combat. HEALTH. Aion Classic EU - Full enchantment guide, Detailed statistics. After +10 every failure returns your enchant level to +10. 0 Aion:Assault on Balaurea 1. Riipper, May 30, 2013. If you li. 8) 16-05-2023 (2. 1 +0. There are two types of enchantment stones; PvE and PvP stones. . 6. 8) 16-05-2023 (2. Fantasy. It can only be used on PvE equipment. Aion-4. AP Calculator @ aiontools. Definition. 8) 16-05-2023 (2. Material that has been processed and used primarily for alchemy. 8) 16-05-2023 (2. Aion Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. 3 - Fine Recovery Serum. Boxes are spread in the PvP area. 9 I think. html Go to file Go to file T; Go to line L; Copy path Copy permalink; This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. 60. 30% chance to get to +13. +2. 6, taking all the best from the original server files and discarding Bards, Gunners and Pilots (as unnecessary elements). A must-have utility for all Minecraft players. Deals 16~20 physical damage to the target. Gemstones are in the class pages, search for "odian". Rune +18 = SkillLevel +38. ID: 155007191: Craft: Fine Recovery Potion: Recipe Alchemy skill (460p) Asmodian Only Cannot be socketed with Enchantment Stones In Aion 7. Otherwise, you can purchase them with Blood Marks from Dragon Lord's Shrine in Levinshor and Brokenblade Outpost in Upper Reshanta each week. The Enchantment Calculator 2 has been completed after a couple of weeks of on and off work. Aion 6. 6/20/2023 | Sales | by The Community Team. md","contentType":"file"},{"name":"google4db14a221b1c1617. Whenever the player places an eligible item on the enchanting table, the enchantment levels available are randomly generated for each slot using the formula below. g. CHAIN. Updated on. Greater Supplements (Mythic) is a supplement that can be used alongside an enchantment stone or during manastone socketing to greatly increase the success rate of the enchantment or socketing. That means you have not previously combined the books (e. The Enchantment Calculator 2 has been completed after a couple of weeks of on and. We would also like to request YOUR feedback on some content that we believe needs to be adjusted and. md","path":"README. 00%. Nox. If you li. Spread the love. 1. Toggle navigation. . 5)In my experiences enchanting mythics, all you need to do is grab the stones that match your tier or better (Epsilons or Omegas), then simply bite the rag and prepare to get Fucked. Improved benefits to upgraded armour. Endgame Instances (76+) [] Upon reaching level 76 players will be able to partake in Aion's endgame instances. The first is using Enchantment stones, the second is using Manastones, and the third is using Godstones. I am going to show you how it works, as Aion 6. Hosted plugins exist for EQ2, FFXIV, Rift, Age of Connan, Aion, Star Wars:. ~Follow me on Twitter: Sometimes streaming on: 13th Anniversary, Aion! Event Duration: 14 Sep 2022 - 12 Oct 2022. Database LF Strat Aion - DB faites par des joueurs, pour des joueurs Level enchantment stone 5: Accessory Enchanting In the most recent 84, 88, 124–125 afterbodies 160, 161 AGN-201M 164 Agostini, Juan Maria 210 Aion 51, 67 “Alamogordo Chamber of Commerce” 116–117, 151 Alamogordo NM 150, 문창 고등학교 If you use purple enchantment stones on a red If you use purple enchantment stones on a red 효. 3 - Glass Bottle. HarvestProfit = ProductCost x 9 + ByProductCost * 0. [Question] Aion offsets and problem with Cheat Engine 7. x Enchantment Success Rates (By Kelekelio) By The Secret Cow Level April 18, 2018 in General. These extract the. Before you can use Enchantment stones, you must create them. EnchantmentsAion 5 5: Accessory Enchanting In the most recent Depends on luck i to make 3 plumes on 3 account +10 spent 5k might Depends on luck i to make 3 plumes on 3 account +10 spent 5k might 불. You can combine two enchantment stones in the combination tool to create a new enchantment stone. In the case of our enchantment simulator, the Monte Carlo method takes into account that the enchantment level decreases by 1 in case of failure. . . com. I started with 90 Legendary pve stones and 4 ultimates. Added in Patch. enchantment hack. Sep 12th 2023. md","path":"README. <Revival Wave I>. ID: 155001733: Craft: Expert Drenium Polearm: Recipe Weaponsmithing skill (449p) Elyos Only Cannot be socketed with Enchantment Stones: 1 - Elyos Worthy Noble Drenium Polearm. i did google a bit but can't find exact answer because it changed a lot. 10-03-2020. Become a chann. The omega enchant fail past 15 comes in 4. Price: Buy price: 5 Sell price: 1 . elite*gold: 0. I have had only 3 or 4 fails when I use Legendary to enchant +13 to +15. 1x Magic Crystal of Enchantment: Vision 10x Oil of Storm 10x Herbal Gunpowder 10x Sticky Liquid 10x Blackstone Powder However it notes also "This is only one of the ways to produce the Marking Reagent, play with the recipe to find the golden ratio". Stigmas come in three grades, each one. 03-04-2020. 2020 update! * Added Blackstar and Dead God's Armor. The amount of AP you get from instances RNG based. Unleash the true power of your. 8, and 1. Asmodian Elyos ElyosAion enchantment rate calculator for the patch 4. Crafting Result. Superior Items - 5-20 Levels. . Enchant calculator for Minecraft12 Ultimate Keberium + 30 Ultimate Armour Scroll + 6 Aerot Ore + 1 Piece Legendary Noble Aerot +0. Enchantment Stone; Enhancement Item; Dye; Talisman; Miscellaneous; All All Quests; Elyos Quests Levels 1-10; Levels 11-20; Levels 21-30; Levels 31-40; Levels 41-50; Levels 51-60; Levels 61-70; Levels 71-80; Levels 81-90; Asmodian Quests{"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":"README. 1 +0. Armsfusion Officer has the ability to Armsfusion two weapons together. 7) 15-02-2023 (2. Copy. 9 is a new server for the classic Aion, based on the Retail platform version 4. 3 - Glass Bottle. Aion-4. Asmodian Elyos Elyos Aion enchantment rate calculator for the patch 4. Crafting Result. Graph functions, plot points, visualize algebraic equations, add sliders, animate graphs, and more. Profit with Focus = (SeedCost x SeedWateredChance + HarvestProfit) - SeedCost. To enchant an item that's +10 or higher (before enchantment attempt), use ultimate grade stones. Enchantment Calculator. Added in Patch. Jul 30th 2019. See a Merchant in Stellusia to exchange a Legendary Enchantment Stone for an Ultimate Enchantment Stone. Albedo. So say you are trying to enchant a 36 Fabled coin wep. 6-Enchantment-Calculator development by creating an account on GitHub. HTML. You get Z * 5 + bundle fragments. These stones are essential tools for players looking to unleash the true power of. Lesser Supplements add 5% to the chance. Chain. Location: DC. Provides mythical and eternal enchant rates based on weapon level and enchantment level. Aion Tools by Mycah (Ap Calc, Translator, Chat Icons) Aion Database (Item Lookup search engine) Character Builder Aion Add-ons Gear Types. 5) Equipment Enchantment Level (Before Enchantment),Target Item Quality,+2 chance on success,Lvl change on Failure,Average level change Ancient,Legendary,Ultimate,Ancient,Legendary,Ultimate 0,. Extraction Improving a piece of gear's attributes. back to Ancient to get +10 to + 13 (takes about 15-20 stones) then back to Legendary from +13 to +15. (2) Combine multiple enchanted items and books together: add items one by one in "Input Item" Corner and select the enchant. Inflicts physical damage on the target after a successful parry, and absorbs HP eaquat to 150% of the damage. Enchantment Stone Bundle. Enchantment Stone. Today, we’re topping off this update to completely catch up with the Korean 1. MY ENTCHANTMENT GUIDE:guys, im just started this game a week ago and now im curious about enchantment. Rune +20 = SkillLevel +46. Introducing the Gear Calculator for Classic Aion - The latest versions 1. Extraction utilises Extraction Tools to obtain Enchantment Stones, used for enhancing equipment. Players have a variety of weapons available to them. Minimize enchant same time with other people. 13-09-2023. Added in Patch. Combination Tool is an enchantment stone combining tool. Calculate Aion (AION) mining profitability in realtime based on hashrate, power consumption and electricity cost. The Black Market: 0 /0/ 0. It will update once a character has ascended their class to Daeva. A casting timer bar will appear and, when complete, your Manastone will be attached and active. This tool helps you plan the optimal order of combining and applying books, to give you the cheapest possible cost. These extract the. Forum ». Maximum enchant level sometimes gives you special visual effects on serpent often enchants the bird, and more rarely the bird bears off the serpent Reduced the. When going from 9-->10 it failed and it was destroyed. Subreddit of Albion Online, a full-loot sandbox MMORPG published by Sandbox Interactive. Double-click or right-click the combination tool to activate it, and then select the two enchantment stones you want to combine. Use Supplements. That said, you do not need an extraction tool to disenchant equipment. Ancient PvE Enchantment Stones are enchantment stones, used to raise a piece of gear's stats. suggestion: offering to players one more extra option of playng the game, making a separated aion server only with prestige users or single buy-to-play access players, that for a certain price, there are absolutely no p2w elements, no need to cash shop to progress or grow or level up, where the drop rate is. 5 rates are a far cry from what is needed. Obtained from - Design: Fine Recovery Serum: Login to edit data on this page. 8K subscribers in the aion community. All items can. Rune +19 = SkillLevel +42. com. Since there is no Aion development team anymore, it makes sense that other NC teams is handling these updates. Gloves. 15. The first is using Enchantment stones, the second is using Manastones, and the third is using Godstones. There are two types of enchantment stones; PvE and PvP stones. These extract the. In the case of our enchantment simulator, the Monte Carlo method takes into account that the enchantment level decreases by 1 in case of failure. Cannot retrieve contributors at. Each subsequent enchantment from +21 onwards: SkillLevel +3. Gear inequality has always been a feature of North American Aion. Player with equipped greatsword. Summary: You brought Lajibad 3 PvE Enchantment Stones and learned how to enchant your equipment with Enchantment Stones. 7) 15-02-2023 (2. Useful for 10-15. By employing a certain alchemical technique, an enchanted oil can be obtained using a special blood sample as the base ingredient. Posted February 1, 2020. This tool assume your gear and books start with zero "work penalty". - Design: Dragon Lord Blade. EuroAion is a perfect quality private European server of Aion! 100% working game platform fully matching the official game server of 4. L130 Enchantment Stones are enchantment stones used to enchant armour and weapons, improving their stats. The limitation of what types of weapon can be used is based on the class a player has chosen. Armor/weapons In that game, the armor parts gain defences and the weapon damage upon enchanting, but it also has a fairly good chance to break very easily at each step and all your work gone. 6 - Expert. Update Available: May 25, 2022 Aion: Classic Update 2. 22. # 1. 9 to increase the chance of successfully socketing manastones, and enchanting items. Merchants Rewarded from Shining Scroll [?] [League] Eliminate Padmarashka [?] [Spy/League] Dramata in Inggison [?]. Toggle navigation. as an example, at the end of 4. They can a use lso Armsbreaking to revert a fused weapon into a single weapon that can again be. many people think we will get the heaven tali enchant stuff go to navicat aion_db open table inventory and look for item id you want to upgrade and go to enchant tab and change it to 15 :D enchanting Heiron Quest Series · Elyos Only Can be shared Heiron Quest Series · Elyos Only Can be shared 다. This includes greatswords, polearms, bows, staves, aethercannons, harps and cipher-blades. Aion: Classic will have its 2. The devs have gone RNG fail crazy for some reason, perhaps they have a pay to win fix planned, I don't know. Make sure teleport to different map after enchant and before next enchant. What to do if you have extra blood mark and dont know where to use? This video show you 3 ways to spend, you can get enchantment stone, Kinah and AP from blo. For any suggestions or bug reports feel free to contant me: In-game: Mycah (Siel? Classic) Email: aionmycah@gmail. - US English section of the site was updated to the version 8. 0, enjoy. Only one can be carried. Enchantment Stones can be rewarded by a quest, but is more commonly obtained through the use of Extraction Tools. [item: 165000001] Extraction Tools. This Enchantment Stone can be used on an enchantable item to increase its basic performance. 5 seconds instead of 2 seconds. 6 Patch)</title>"," <link. In Aion, there are three basic ways to enchant your gear. to turn two level 1 books into a single level 2 book) or worked the items or books in an anvil in any. Increase the Enchantment level of weapons or armor by one 8 - Basic enchanting guide . Rune +19 = SkillLevel +42. Input type of equipment, current level, and desired level. You just click on the piece of gear, then click the anvil so that it brings up the equipment window. Elevate your gear and boost your end-game potential using a range of enchantment stones, from Level 81 to 110. Two greatswords, polearms, spellbooks, or orbs can be combined. Enchantment Stones can be rewarded by a quest, but is more commonly obtained through the use of Extraction Tools. Greater Supplement (Eternal) is a supplement that if used together during enchantment stone or manastone socketing, increases the success rate of enchantment or socketing significantly. 8. Has a low probability of enhancing the basic properties of specific items. Trophy Points: 238. Name Price Limit [Event] Moroz's Gift Box 80 1/week [Event] Ancient Refining Stone 10 3/week [Event] Stigma Enchantment Stone 10 3/week [Event] Ancient Sanctity Potion 10 3/week Daevanion Essence Bundle 30 3/week Legendary Engraved Manastone Selection Box 10 3/week Legendary PvE Enchantment Stone Box 10 3/week Legendary PvP. Magical Attack Range after Maximize. Item to enchant : Version : 12 Ultimate Keberium + 30 Ultimate Armour Scroll + 6 Aerot Ore + 1 Piece Legendary Noble Aerot +0. net – AP (abyss point) fort instance item calculator for Aion Online. With these inputs, the calculator can provide an estimate of the effectiveness of different stigma combinations. 4. This Enchantment Stone can be used on an enchantable item to increase its basic performance. Database. i. 25+ 70% chance. Homuncular Nature. After +10 every failure returns your enchant level to +10. AION 4. Aion Codex. The higher the level of the Enchantment Stone above the level of the item it is being attached to, the less the chance of failure but there is a range to the improved chance based on the quality of the item you are trying to enchant! Normal Items - 1-10 Levels. You would need a 66 stone or higher for an 80% chance of success. 7) 15-02-2023 (2. - Example: Stigma Enchantment Levels: +6, +5, +4, +3, +2, +1. 1 322 ~ 1 322. <Revival Wave I>. Additional information: HP each enchant. Like everything is rng in classic it is simply the attainable goals are realistic. Added a new instance dungeon, “Unyielding Beshmundir Temple ". If you are familiar with your character's skills, try going to Portal Events, that pop up every hour (Not the one that always appears, and still not sure of the interval), these events, give you Abyss Points, Omega Enchantment 2pcs. A1. And 4. Contribute to ihatesun/Aion-4. ">"," <title>Aion Enchantment Calculator (4. Templars and Gladiators have the ability to wear all four types of armor, but mainly rely on plate armor for its high Physical Defense to give them the resilience to fight on the front lines. example. Aion stigma calculator. Make use of the archaic might of the enchanted Stigmas, learn new skills and become stronger than ever before! Enjoy your enchantments! The AION Team. . 3 - Fine Elemental Water. There are three basic ways to enchant your gear in Aion. In Aion 7. Physical Damage Reduction. 1 6. im pretty sure 95% of the server wants high enchantment rates. 27-10-2023 (2. Items. Enchantment success rates (taken from classic discord) Level 50 and 55 fabled equipment. 5%. KR Update : +15 Stigma → 'Advanced' Stigma20% From 9 to 159,12 Safe spot100 Stigma stone = 50 USD Aion Classic - EU; Aion Classic - RU; DC Universe Online; WOW Classic Hardcore; Greed is Good; Flyff Universe; Aion Classic - US; Dark and Darker; Eden Eternal; Mobile2; World Of Warcraft US; Wolvesville; Albion Online; Throne and Liberty; The Elder Scrolls Online; Undawn; EVE Online; N-Age: Awakening; Onigiri; World of Rune; Atlantica Online In Aion, there are three basic ways to enchant your gear. With the Enchantment Stone Bundles, players can access a range of enchantment stones, spanning from Level 81 to 110. These extract the. The content of the game is as close as possible to version /3. For example, Manastone: Accuracy +12. ArcheAge Gold, Aion Kinah, FFXIV 14 Gils, Runescape Gold, GW2. Depending on the Plume type, a player could get a boost in Physical Attack, Magic Boost, Critical Strike or Magic Accuracy. 0) 08-10-2021 (8. Actions. 6-Enchantment-Calculator / google4db14a221b1c1617. Armor and weapons can be upgraded, improving the base attributes of the item, through the use of an Enchantment Stone. senior AM's pushing this topic directly to the devs for reconsideration. Making these investments more worthwhile for longer is what enchantments can do and if you haven t tried using them yet then you are not. 0 fantastic patch changes enchanting as well the maximum number of enchants that you can get per hour item is 15 and doesn't matter if it's a PvP, PvE, weapon, armor, necklace whatever. 3 - Fine Elemental Water. then same for everything else. It allows players to upgrade their equipment, making it more potent and effective in combat. Whether the enchantment fails or succeeds, the stone is consumed upon the attempt. { { {grade}}} Use on weapons or armor to obtain Enchantment Stones that can be used to strengthen other items. Senpai. They can only be used on their respective type of gear, boosting their respective stats. Entertainment. This article is about the mechanics of enchanting. Basically, my tool (at this point) simulates the enchant system in game to show you what may show up in the grid. If. 2: 88%: 55%: 52%. Yet, I think now is better than 4. 8 Ultimate Keberium + 20 Ultimate Armour Scroll + 4 Aerot Ore + 1 Piece Legendary Noble Aerot +0. In order to extract, Right-Click on the Extraction Tools then Left-Click on the item you wish to extract from. It is the only stone able to be used after Amplification, but may also be used before that. . A bit odd that in game stones are better for 4 and 5 but worse at 2 and 3. I used 300+ ancient stones to make it +15 because of the same problem - after +10 (48% rate) it can fail like 10 times in a row or more. Enchantment Stone (Aion Item) :: Wiki - ZAM Discussion on enchantment hack within the Aion forum part of the Enchantment Stone (Aion Item) :: Wiki - ZAM Discussion on enchantment hack within the Aion forum part of the 머. PvE and PvP equipment have same enchantment rates, given same rarity stones and target equipment. 5 Update we have a new way how to get Stigmas and Stigma Enchantment Stones so in todays video you will see all you need to know about it. main. Optimal solution found! Completed in under a second, trying 1,000,000,000 combinations. 8837K | Network hashrate: 29. Rune +20 = SkillLevel +46. powered by "x" x "y" y "a" squared a 2. The first is using Enchantment stones, the second is using. Public. Enchantment Stones can be rewarded by a quest, but is more commonly obtained through the use of Extraction Tools. x versions of the site (use the language selector to switch to them). #2. Item Ancient Legendary Ultimate +2 Crit Stone Ancient Legendary Ultimate Ancient Legendary Ultimate Ancient LegendaryPromotion Duration: October 3, 3PM PDT – October 24, 3PM PDT. That's why Aion Classic is more popular, because at the launch everyone was equal.